Generation
of Computer
·
First Generation Computer
-
First Generation Computer uses vacuum tube
which is made up glass, this is only the switching device which is used at that
time.
-
The size of computer is huge in this
generation due to vacuum tube, which takes huge size and release lot of heat
so, that Ac is required.
-
In this generation machine level language
is used in which cording is needed in the form of Binary language or machine
code.
-
So it is quite tuff to develop programme using
machine level languages.
-
Further, Assembly level language is
introduced in which some English word are used in the place of machine code.
-
The code which is used in the place of machine
code is known as Mnemonic code.
-
Mnemonic code requires assembler to
convert these codes to machine code.
-
Programming in assembly level language
is simple as compare to machine level language.
Computers used in First Generations are :
a) UNIVAC - Universal Automatic Computer.
b) EDVAC -
Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer.
c) ENIAC – Electronic Numerical Integrator And
Computer.
·
Second Generation Computer
-
Second
Generation computer uses Transistor.
-
It
takes less electricity due to use of transistor.
-
It release less heat and reduces the size of
computer as compare to first generation.
-
In this generation High Level Language
is introduced.
Some examples of High Level Languages
which are used in this generation :
a. FORTRAN - Formula Translation
b. COBOL - Common Business Oriented Language
-
Batch Operating System is used in this Generation.
-
Magnetic Core
is used as primary storage .
-
Magnetic Tape
is used as secondary storage.
Computers
used in Second Generations are :
a) IBM 1620 - International Business Machine.
b) CDC 1604 - Control
Data Corporation.
c) UNIVAC 110 - Universal Automatic Computer.
·
Third Generation Computer
-
Third
Generation Computer uses IC (Integrated Circuit Chip)
is introduced which is
developed by Jack Kilby.
-
By
use of IC chips it will take less electricity release less heat
and size is also very less as compare to transistor or second generation
computer.
-
In
this generation time sharing and remote processing operating system
were used.
-
In
this generation also High Level Languages were used.
Some
examples of High Level Languages which used in this generation :
a) FORTRAN 2 to 4 - Formula Translation
b) COBOL - Common Business Oriented Language
c) BASICS - Beginner’s All Purpose Symbolic Instruction
Code.
d) PLI - Procedural Language
e) ALGOL - Algorithmic Language
Computers used in Third Generations are
:
a) Honey Well 600 series.
b) IBM - International Business Machine
c) PDP - Personal Data Processor.
·
Fourth Generation Computer
-
In
Fourth Generation Of Computer at early stage I uses LAI (large
scale integration) technique
in which about 100+ electronic components are embossed.
-
Later
on in fourth generation VLSI (very large scale
integration) technique
is used where 5000 electronic components are embossed.
-
The
use of VLSI technique the size of computer become small as compare to third
generation computer.
-
The
personal computer is introduced in this generation.
-
In this generation High Level Language are
used.
Some example of High Level Language
which used in this generation :
a) C
b) C++
c) DBASE - Data Base
-
In
this generation time sharing, real time and distributed operating system are
used.
Computers used in Fourth Generations
are :
a) STAR 1000
b) DEC 10 - Digital Equipment Corporation.
c) PDP 11 - Personal Data Corporation.
Super
Computer of Fourth Generation
a) CRAY 1
b) CRAY-X-MP
-
In
this generation microprocessor is introduced.
·
Fifth Generation Computer
-
In
Fifth Generation Computer ULSI (ultra large scale integration)
technique is used where about ten millions of electronic components are embossed
on a single micro chip’s which is known as Microprocessor.
-
The
size of computer is very small and the speed is very fast.
Some High Level Languages are
used in this generation are :
a) C
b) C++
c) JAVA
d) .NET
e) SQL
f) MYSQL - Structured Query Language
g) Oracle
-
AI (artificial
intelligence) introduced in this Generation.
-
In AI we uses neural network, natural language
processing and Robotics.
Computers used in Fourth
Generation
a) Desktop Computer
b) Laptop Computer
c) Notebook
d) Chromebook
0 Comments
Thank You ! For your love