• Decentralized Processing :
- These are another type of Processing which have been gaining a lot of popularity, primarily because of the massive hype of Bitcoin. Now many organizations are trying to find the application of such Processing.
In decentralized processing, every node makes its own decision. The final behavior of the Processing is the aggregate of the decisions of the individual nodes. Note that there is no single entity that receives and responds to the request.
Example :– Bitcoin. Lets take bitcoin for example because its the most popular use case of decentralized Processing. No single entity/organization owns the bitcoin network. The network is a sum of all the nodes who talk to each other for maintaining the amount of bitcoin every account holder has.

• Characteristics of Decentralized Processing 
- Lack of a global clock: Every node is independent of each other and hence, have different clocks that they run and follow.
- Multiple central units (Computers/Nodes/Servers): More than one central unit which can listen for connections from other nodes
- Dependent failure of components: one central node failure causes a part of Processing to fail; not the whole Processing

• Components of Decentralized Processing 
- Node (Computer, Mobile, etc.)
- Communication link (Cables, Wi-Fi, etc.)

• Advantages of Decentralized Processing 
- Minimal problem of performance bottlenecks occurring. The entire load gets balanced on all the nodes; leading to minimal to no bottleneck situations
- High availability – Some nodes(computers, mobiles, servers) are always available/online for work, leading to high availability
- More autonomy and control over resources. As each node controls its own behavior, it has better autonomy leading to more control over resources

• Disadvantages of Decentralized Processing
- Difficult to achieve global big tasks. No chain of command to command others to perform certain tasks
- Difficult to know which node failed. Each node must be pinged for availability checking and partitioning of work has to be done to actually find out which node failed by checking the expected output with what the node generated
- Difficult to know which node responded. When a request is served by a decentralized Processing, the request is actually served by one of the nodes in the Processing but it is actually difficult to find out which node indeed served the request.

• Applications of Decentralized Processing 
- Private networks – peer nodes joined with each other to make a private network.
- Cryptocurrency – Nodes joined to become a part of a Processing in which digital currency is exchanged without any trace and location of who sent what to whom. However, in bitcoin we can see the public address and amount of bitcoin transferred, but those public addresses are mutable and hence difficult to trace.